Production technology of H beam

H-beam steel is categorized into two main types based on design and application: beam-type components and column-type (or pile-type) components. Beam-type H-beams typically have a height-to-flange width ratio between 2:1 and 3:1, with specifications ranging from 100mm x 50mm to 900mm x 300mm. Column-type H-beams, on the other hand, have a 1:1 ratio, with dimensions generally from 100mm x 100mm to 400mm x 400mm. The height of H-beam steel can vary from 80mm to 1100mm, with flange widths from 46mm to 454mm, web thicknesses from 2.9mm to 78mm, and weights per meter ranging from 6kg to 1086kg.

Production Technology of H-Beam Steel

The rolling methods for H-beam steel can be classified into three main categories:

- Ordinary Two-Roll or Three-Roll Mills: The earliest method for rolling H-beams.

- Universal Mills: This method allows for more versatile shaping.

- Multiple Sets of Universal Mills: The most modern approach, widely adopted globally, which includes several specific techniques such as the Greiner, Saxby, and J. P. Poul methods.

1. Greiner Method
The Greiner method features an open universal pass design, allowing simultaneous processing of the web and flanges. It emphasizes vertical pressure on the leg ends to ensure quality and control. The process begins with a steel ingot being shaped into a billet, which is then continuously rolled through a universal roughing mill and finishing mills. This method effectively maintains straight leg ends by ensuring that only the horizontal rolls contact the web.

2. Saxby Method
This method employs a closed universal pass design with inclined legs. While it allows for greater reduction ratios, it risks deforming the rolled piece due to the pressure direction. The process involves initial shaping of the ingot into an I-shaped billet, followed by rough rolling using a four-roll universal mill and a two-roll vertical press. The final shaping ensures the legs are straightened, achieving a leg slope of about 1.5%.

3. J. P. Poul Method
Combining elements of both the Greiner and Saxby methods, the J. P. Poul method uses an inclined universal pass for rough rolling and an open pass for finishing. This allows for efficient leg extension while maintaining control over leg width. The process includes flattening the legs with cylindrical vertical rolls, followed by further refinement with horizontal and vertical rolls to ensure precise shaping.

In conclusion, H-beam steel production has evolved significantly, with modern methods enhancing efficiency and quality control. The choice of production technique can influence the final properties of the H-beams, catering to diverse structural requirements in construction and engineering.