A seamless boiler tube is a specialized type of steel tube commonly made from seamless pipes, making it a subset of seamless pipes. However, due to the demanding operational environment of boiler tubes, the selection of materials is more stringent, and the steel types used are distinct from standard seamless pipes. This article will outline the standards that apply to seamless boiler tubes.
Types of Boiler Tube Standards
1. GB Standards
The GB standard is a set of technical specifications for boiler tubes established by China. It includes several specific codes such as GB/T 3087, GB/T 5310, and GB/T 6479, each serving different pressure and temperature requirements:
GB/T 3087: Applicable to seamless steel pipes for low and medium pressure boilers.
GB/T 5310: Suitable for high-pressure, high-temperature, and corrosion-resistant seamless steel pipes for boilers.
GB/T 6479: Designed for high-pressure and high-temperature seamless steel pipes used in chemical equipment.
GB 5310-2017 "Seamless Steel Pipes for High Pressure Boilers": Specifies technical requirements, inspection methods, and allowable deviations for seamless steel pipes used in high-pressure boilers. It covers pipes with wall thicknesses from 2.0 to 65 mm and outer diameters from Φ12.5 to 650 mm, used in various high and ultra-high-pressure boilers.
GB 3087-2018 "Seamless Steel Pipes for Low and Medium Pressure Boilers": Outlines the technical requirements, inspection methods, and allowable deviations for seamless steel pipes in low and medium pressure boilers. It applies to pipes with wall thicknesses from 2.0 to 35 mm and outer diameters from Φ10 to 426 mm.
GB/T 20409-2006 "Technical Delivery Conditions for Seamless Steel Tubes for High-Pressure Boiler Outer Riser": Defines the technical delivery conditions for seamless steel tubes used in the outer riser of high-pressure boilers, including material properties, mechanical properties, chemical composition, dimensions, and allowable deviations.
2. ASTM Standards
ASTM standards are widely recognized and used globally, ensuring uniformity in terminology, symbols, measurement systems, and experimental methods. Some common ASTM standards for boiler tubes include A106, A179, and A192.
ASTM A192/A192M: Specifies the standard for seamless carbon steel boiler tubes used in high-pressure service, covering minimum wall thickness, chemical composition, mechanical properties, heat treatment, hardness requirements, and non-destructive testing.
ASTM A210/A210M: Covers seamless carbon steel pipes for medium and low-pressure boilers and superheaters, specifying chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensions, and other material requirements.
3. EN Standards
EN standards are European technical specifications for boiler pipes, similar in purpose to ASTM standards. They standardize design and material selection globally through unified terminology, symbols, measurement systems, and testing methods. Common EN standards include EN 10216-2, EN 10216-3, and EN 10216-4.
EN 10216-2: Specifies the technical delivery conditions for seamless steel pipes for pressure purposes, particularly for non-alloy and alloy steel pipes with high-temperature performance.
EN 10216-5: Outlines the technical delivery conditions for seamless steel pipes made from stainless steel for pressure purposes.
EN 10297: A standard for seamless steel tubes for mechanical and general engineering purposes, with some requirements applicable to boiler tube production.
EN 15420: A European standard related to the safety and performance of gas boilers, impacting boiler tube specifications.
EN 483: Focuses on non-destructive testing of welded joints, relevant for ensuring the quality and safety of boiler tubes during manufacturing.
Conclusion
In addition to these primary standards, other standards like JIS and DIN are also used but are less common. In practical engineering and material selection, it is crucial to choose appropriate standards and materials based on specific project requirements. Additionally, the quality of boiler tubes may vary between manufacturers, so selecting products with reliable quality is essential for safety and effectiveness.
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