What is Q235 steel grade?

Q235 is a common carbon structural steel grade in China, often used in construction and industrial applications due to its balance of strength, plasticity, and weldability. Its properties make it versatile for various uses in manufacturing, building structures, and fabrication.

Key Features of Q235 Steel

1. Chemical Composition

• Carbon (C): ≤ 0.22%

• Silicon (Si): ≤ 0.35%

• Manganese (Mn): ≤ 1.40%

• Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.045%

• Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.045%

2. Mechanical Properties

• Yield Strength:

• ≥ 235 MPa for thickness ≤ 16 mm

• Decreases slightly with increasing thickness

• Tensile Strength: 375–500 MPa

• Elongation: ≥ 26% for thickness ≤ 16 mm

3. Weldability

Q235 has excellent weldability due to its low carbon content. It can be welded using common methods like arc welding, gas welding, or resistance welding.

4. Workability

It offers good plasticity and machinability, making it suitable for cutting, bending, and forming operations.

Common Applications of Q235 Steel

• Construction: Beams, columns, and steel structures for buildings and bridges.

• Manufacturing: Parts for vehicles, ships, and machinery.

• Pipelines: Often used in low-pressure applications for water and gas pipelines.

• Other Uses: Structural components like nuts, bolts, and steel plates.

Comparison to Other Grades

Q235 is equivalent to other international grades such as:

• ASTM A36 (USA)

• S235JR (Europe)

• SS400 (Japan)

Its widespread use and versatile properties make Q235 a popular choice in both domestic and global markets.